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91.
PURPOSE: Influenza vaccination has been recommended for all elderly people in The Netherlands since 1996, with greater than 80% compliance. It is unknown, however, if the addition of another vaccine to this immunization program will affect compliance. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: General practitioners offered a pneumococcal vaccine together with the yearly influenza vaccination to 3365 patients aged 65 years and older. A questionnaire was then mailed to a stratified sample (n = 972) of these patients. Factors associated with noncompliance with vaccination were assessed using polytomous logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 2529 patients (75%) received the pneumococcal vaccine and 2812 (84%) received the influenza vaccine. Predictors of noncompliance with the pneumococcal vaccine were perceived lack of recommendation by the general practitioner (odds ratio [OR] = 4.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.6 to 8.3) and fear of local side effects (OR = 2.8; 95% CI, 1.6 to 4.6). Predictors of noncompliance with both vaccinations also included unwillingness to comply with the doctor's advice (OR = 6.1; 95% CI, 2.4 to 15.4), the belief that vaccinations weaken one's natural defenses (OR = 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4 to 5.3) or that influenza is not dangerous (OR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.4), and the fear of becoming sick from pneumococcal vaccination (OR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.1 to 7.9). People who felt healthy, found it difficult to visit the doctor's office, had private medical insurance, or were younger than 75 years of age also had a greater risk of not being vaccinated. CONCLUSION: Introducing a pneumococcal vaccine to an existing influenza immunization program resulted in high pneumococcal and influenza vaccination rates. A wider diversity of patient characteristics and attitudes was present when neither vaccination was received. 相似文献
92.
Jin-Oh Choi Seung Woo Park Dae-Hee Shin Sung Hea Kim Wang-Soo Lee Hak Jin Kim Yoon Goo Kim Sang-Chol Lee Sang Hoon Lee 《Circulation journal》2007,71(5):669-674
BACKGROUND: The novel parameter T(E-E'), which is the time interval between the onset of the early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E) and the early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E'), is reported to be related to the constant of the left ventricular (LV) relaxation, and T(E-E') is also reported to be useful for predicting the LV filling pressure. METHODS AND RESULTS: To investigate the effect of preload reduction via hemodialysis on T(E-E'), 28 pairs of echocardiographic evaluations were performed just before and immediately after hemodialysis, including the measurement of the T(E-E') as well as measurement of the conventional echocardiographic parameters. The baseline T(E-E') was 17.9 +/-28.1 ms, which correlated with the ratio of E/E' (r=0.49, p=0.008). After hemodialysis, T(E-E') was shortened to -3.2+/-34.1 ms, which was a significant change from baseline (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: As T(E-E') is a preload dependent parameter, the intravascular volume status should be taken into account when the clinical application of T(E-E') is considered as an index of LV relaxation. 相似文献
93.
Choi HJ Cho YM Moon MK Choi HH Shin HD Jang HC Kim SY Lee HK Park KS 《The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism》2006,91(11):4657-4663
CONTEXT: Ghrelin is known to play a role in glucose metabolism and in beta-cell function. There are controversies regarding the role of ghrelin polymorphisms in diabetes and diabetes-related phenotypes. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine polymorphisms of the ghrelin gene in a Korean cohort and investigate associations between them and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and its related phenotypes. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: The ghrelin gene was sequenced to identify polymorphisms in 24 DNA samples. Common variants were then genotyped in 760 type 2 diabetic patients and 641 nondiabetic subjects. Genetic associations with diabetes-related phenotypes were also analyzed. RESULTS: Nine polymorphisms were identified, and four common polymorphisms [g.-1500C>G, g.-1062G > C, g.-994C > T, g.+408C > A (Leu72Met)] were genotyped in a larger study. The genotype distributions of these four common polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes patients were similar to those of normal nondiabetic controls. However, these four common polymorphisms were variably associated with several diabetes-related phenotypes, such as high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. In particular, subjects harboring g.-1062C were associated with a lower serum HDL cholesterol level after adjusting for other variables (P = 0.0004 or 0.01 after Bonferroni correction for 24 tests). CONCLUSION: The aforementioned four common polymorphisms in the ghrelin gene were not found to be significantly associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Korean population. However, the common polymorphism g.-1062G > C in the promoter region of the ghrelin gene was found to be significantly associated with serum HDL cholesterol levels. 相似文献
94.
Pharmacokinetics of cefepime in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. 下载免费PDF全文
R H Barbhaiya C A Knupp M Pfeffer D Zaccardelli G M Dukes W Mattern K A Pittman L J Hak 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》1992,36(7):1387-1391
The pharmacokinetics of cefepime were studied in 10 male patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis therapy. Five patients received a single 1,000-mg dose and the other five received a single 2,000-mg dose; all doses were given as 30-min intravenous infusions. Serial plasma, urine, and peritoneal dialysate samples were collected; and the concentrations of cefepime in these fluids were measured over 72 h by using a high-performance liquid chromatographic assay with UV detection. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental methods. The peak concentrations in plasma and the areas under the plasma concentration-versus-time curve for the 2,000-mg dose group were twice as high as those observed for the 1,000-mg dose group. The elimination half-life of cefepime was about 18 h and was independent of the dose. The steady-state volume of distribution was about 22 liters, and values for the 1,000- and 2,000-mg doses were not significantly different. The values for total body clearance and peritoneal dialysis clearance were about 15 and 4 ml/min, respectively. No dose dependency was observed for the clearance estimates. Over the 72-h sampling period, about 26% of the dose was excreted intact into the peritoneal dialysis fluid. For 48 h postdose, mean concentrations of cefepime in dialysate at the end of each dialysis interval exceeded the reported MICs for 90% of the isolates (MIC90s) for bacteria which commonly cause peritonitis resulting from continuous peritoneal dialysis. A parenteral dose of 1,000 or 2,000 mg of cefepime every 48 h would maintain the antibiotic levels in plasma and peritoneal fluid above the MIC90s for the most susceptible bacteria for the treatment of systemic and intraperitoneal infections [corrected]. 相似文献
95.
Dae Chul Jung Hak Jong Lee Jin Won Seo So Yeon Park Sang Jin Lee Joo Hyuk Lee In Hoo Kim 《Korean journal of radiology》2012,13(1):82-89
Objective
To assess the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and pathologic measures of a tumor using a prostate cancer xenograft model.Materials and Methods
Eighteen athymic nude mice with 36 PC-3-induced tumors were sacrificed to obtain specimens immediately after MR imaging in order to compare the findings on MR images with those seen on pathological specimens. Using a high-field small-animal MR scanner, T1- and T2-weighted imaging and DW MR imaging was performed. Tumors were then processed for Hematoxylin and Eosin staining to evaluate tumor cellularity, intratumoral necrosis and immunostaining using antibodies directed against CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to determine the levels of microvessel density (MVD). Mean ADC values that were measured on the solid portion within each tumor were compared with tumor volume, cellularity, degree of necrosis, VEGF expression, and MVD in the corresponding section of the pathological specimen.Results
Mean ADC values of the solid portion within the PC-3-induced high-grade tumors were significantly correlated with the degree of intratumoral necrosis (r = 0.63, p < 0.0001) and MVD (r = -0.44, p = 0.008) on pathologic slides. The ADC values were not significantly correlated with tumor cellularity, VEGF expression, or tumor volume in high-grade prostate cancer tissues.Conclusion
In the xenografted prostate cancer model, the ADC values of the solid portion of the tumors are significantly correlated with tumor necrosis and MVD of the pathologic specimens. The ADC values may be utilized as surrogate markers for the noninvasive assessment of tumor necrosis and MVD in high-grade prostate cancer. 相似文献96.
In vitro activities of DA-7157 and DA-7218 against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Nocardia brasiliensis 下载免费PDF全文
Vera-Cabrera L Gonzalez E Rendon A Ocampo-Candiani J Welsh O Velazquez-Moreno VM Choi SH Molina-Torres C 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》2006,50(9):3170-3172
The in vitro activities of DA-7157, a novel oxazolidinone, against clinical isolates of Nocardia brasiliensis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were determined. Equal MIC(50)s and MIC(90)s (0.25 and 0.5 microg/ml, respectively) were found for susceptible and multidrug-resistant isolates of M. tuberculosis. The N. brasiliensis isolates showed an MIC(90) of 1 microg/ml and an MIC(50) of 1 microg/ml. The DA-7157 prodrug, DA-7218, exhibited similar MICs for M. tuberculosis but fivefold-higher MICs for N. brasiliensis. 相似文献
97.
98.
Hi‐Jin You MD Seung‐Kyu Han MD PhD Jin‐Woo Lee MD PhD Hak Chang MD PhD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2012,20(4):491-499
Diabetic foot ulcers often pose a difficult treatment problem. Repeated applications of cell‐based products have been reported to result in acceleration of diabetic wound healing. The purpose of this clinical trial study was to report preliminary findings of the efficacy and safety of the cultured allogeneic keratinocyte sheets in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Fifty‐nine patients with diabetic foot ulcers were randomized to either the keratinocyte treatment group (n = 27) or the control group treated with vaseline gauze (n = 32). Except for the application of keratinocytes, treatment of study ulcers was identical for patients in both groups. Either keratinocyte sheet or vaseline gauze was applied at the beginning of the study and weekly thereafter for a maximum of 11 weeks. The maximum follow‐up period for each patient was 12 weeks. Complete ulcer healing was achieved in 100% of the treatment group and 69% of the control group (p < 0.05). The Kaplan–Meier median times to complete closure were 35 and 57 days for the keratinocyte and control groups, respectively. No adverse events related to the treatment occurred. These results indicate that cultured allogeneic keratinocytes may offer a safe and effective treatment for diabetic foot ulcers. 相似文献
99.
Roh YH Noh JH Kim W Oh JH Gong HS Baek GH 《Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery》2012,132(1):93-99
Background
The Oxford shoulder score (OSS) is being used increasingly and has been adapted cross-culturally in some Western countries. On the other hand, there are few validated translations of the OSS in Asian countries. This study translated and adapted cross-culturally the original OSS to produce a Korean version, and assessed the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the OSS (Korean OSS). 相似文献100.
Jae Gyoon Kim Hong Chul Lim Hak Joon Kim Myung Hoi Hwang Yong Cheol Yoon Jong Keon Oh 《Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery》2012,132(12):1741-1746